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Application Note

Adding the battery back-up power option to

existing grid-tied PV/solar systems

Overview: Homeowners and businesses have bought into the concept of distributed power by installing solar

energy systems. There are a lot of factors that have caused a significant rise in solar energy production. These

include federal tax incentives, renewable energy production incentives, cheaper photovoltaic (PV) solar modules,

immediate and projected rises in energy costs, and increasingly stronger desires for energy independence.

Almost all residential, community and light commercial PV/solar systems fall into three types, the first being the

most common:

 grid-tied capable of reducing dependency on utilities and saving money,

 off-grid capable of supplying electricity where a grid is non-existent, and

 grid-interactive where the presence of a connected energy storage system (usually in the form of a battery

bank) enables the user to achieve both grid-tied benefits with off-grid independence.

The last type is especially useful in scenarios where the grid is down for a variety of reasons, when grid power is

inadequate or problematic, or when grid power is costly making it advantageous to “offset” the grid using

renewably-generated stored energy. Concerns about grid stability and even availability are more valid than ever,

even in the developed world, as life-changing events such as historic storms, tsunamis, and other disasters are

combining with increasingly routine brownouts, blackouts and other interruptions to raise anxiety levels about

electricity supply to meet growing demand worldwide.

In areas where a lot of renewable energy is added to the grid, the effect of all this extra “peak demand” electricity

can actually destabilize the “load demand” grid which relies on more conventional and less flexible or “dynamic”

sources—once the sun stops shining or wind stops blowing PV arrays and turbines are effectively turned off, and

that loss of peak electricity places even greater demands back on the relatively in-elastic grid which can’t always

meet the need.

Figure 1 – Typical Grid Tie Inverter Utility Connection

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